Birth Control Pills (oral contraceptives)

What:

•  The average birth control pills usually contain doses of estrogen and progestin.
• They come in packs or 21 or 28 pills and are to be taken daily.
• The hormones are taken for 21 days, and for 7 days they are either not taken, or placebo pills are taken. During these seven days is when the menstrual period occurs

How:

•  They inhibit ovulation in females, and create a mucus layer just within the cervix which blocks sperm cells from entering the uterus.
  
•  They can be up to 99% effective, depending on if it is taken every day, at around the same time each day.

Pros:

• Very efficient
  
•  Inexpensive
  
•  Can help with acne problems
  
• Can reduce symptoms of PMS
• Lighter, shorter periods
  
• Regular periods
  
• Easy to use
  
• Reduces risk of

Ovarian and Endometrial cancer

Cons:

• Does not protect against STI’s (Sexually Transmitted Infections)
  
• Possible side effects within the first couple months
  
• Must be taken at the same time everyday
  
• Requires a prescription

Popular Brands of Birth control Pills:

Yasmin, Yaz, Alesse, Cyclen, Tri-Cyclen, Ortho-cept

What:

• A thin beige adhesive patch that sticks to the skin (worn on the arm, abdomen, or buttocks) and releases estrogen and progestin.
• One patch lasts 7 days, and 3 patches are used in one month.
• For one week no patch is used and this results in a menstrual period.

How:

• Inhibits fertilization by preventing ovulation
• Will thicken the mucus in the cervix
• May thin the lining of the uterus
• It is 99% effective if the patch does not fall off, and a new patch is replaced within 24 hours.
• It is more effective than birth control pills because it does not need to be “taken” everyday.

Pros (Similar to Birth Control Pills):

• Can help with acne problems
• Can protect against pelvic inflammatory disease and etopic pregnancy
• Reduces the risk of endometrial and ovarian cancers
• Does not need to be taken everyday
• Lighter, shorter, and more regular periods
• Reversible

Cons:

• Does not protect agasint STI’s
  
• Requires a prescription
  
• It can fall off due to loss of adhesiveness
  
• It may be less effective for heavier women
  
• It can cause skin irritation
  
• Slightly more expensive than Birth Control Pills

Popular Brand of a Birth Control Patch:

Ortho-Evra patch

What:

• A small flexible ring that is inserted and worn in the vagina for three weeks.
  
• It releases low doses of estrogen and progestin for three weeks, and is removed for 7 days.
  
• For one week no patch is used and this results in a menstrual period.

How:

• Inhibits fertilization by preventing ovulation
  
• Will thicken the mucus in the cervix
  
• may thin the lining of the uterus
  
• As effective as the birth control pill, possibly more effective because it does not require daily consumption, like the pill.

Pros:

• Can reduce symptoms of PMS
  
• Can help with acne problems
  
• Can protect against pelvic inflammatory disease and etopic pregnancy
  
• Reduces the risk of endometrial and ovarian cancers
  
• Lighter, shorter, more regular periods
• Does not need to be taken every day, only taken out replaced every month
  
• Reversible

Cons:

• Requires a prescription
• May fall out
  
• May cause a yeast infection
  
• Does not protect against STI’s
  
• More expensive than birth control pills and patches

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