Description
Indications
Rivastigmine is classified as a cholinesterase inhibitor and is commonly used to manage dementia, a condition that affects memory, cognitive ability, communication, and daily activities.
Alzheimer’s disease, which gradually impairs memory, thinking, learning, communication, and daily activities, and Parkinson’s disease, which is characterized by slowed movements, muscle weakness, shuffling walk, and memory loss, are two brain and nervous system diseases that rivastigmine is used to treat. By increasing the levels of a particular natural substance in the brain, rivastigmine enhances mental function, including memory and thinking.
Uses and Dosage
Rivastigmine is available in the form of capsules and a liquid solution, which can be taken orally. It is usually taken twice daily with meals in the morning and evening. Take rivastigmine as prescribed, neither in larger nor smaller doses or more frequently than recommended.
Typically, a low dosage of rivastigmine is prescribed, which is gradually increased no more than once every two weeks by your doctor.
While rivastigmine may enhance cognitive abilities, such as thinking and memory, and slow down their deterioration, it doesn’t cure Alzheimer’s disease or dementia in people with Parkinson’s disease. Even if you start feeling better, you should continue taking rivastigmine, and do not stop taking it without consulting your doctor.
If you are using the oral solution of rivastigmine, always use the dosing syringe that comes with the solution to measure your dose accurately. Don’t hesitate to ask your doctor or pharmacist for guidance on how to measure your dose.
The oral solution of rivastigmine can be swallowed directly or mixed with a liquid before using it. If mixing with liquid, use a small glass of water, cold fruit juice, or soda, and stir the mixture entirely. Do not mix rivastigmine with any other liquid. If you mix it with water, juice, or soda, consume it within 4 hours.
Side Effects
Some side effects may occur that usually do not need medical attention:
- nausea
- vomiting
- loss of appetite
- heartburn or indigestion
- stomach pain
- weight loss
- diarrhea
- constipation
- gas
- weakness
- dizziness
- headache
- extreme tiredness
- lack of energy
- tremor or worsening of tremor
- increased sweating
- difficulty falling asleep or staying asleep
- confusion
Inform your healthcare provider immediately if you experience any serious side effects:
- rash
- hives
- difficulty breathing or swallowing
- black and tarry stools
- red blood in stools
- bloody vomit
- vomiting material that looks like coffee grounds
- difficulty urinating
- painful urination
- seizures
- depression
- anxiety
- aggressive behavior
- hearing voices or seeing things that do not exist
- uncontrollable movements and muscle contractions
Caution
Prior to taking rivastigmine, inform your healthcare provider or pharmacist about any allergies you may have, including any previous experiences of developing a rash while using rivastigmine patches. This medication may contain inactive ingredients that can cause allergic reactions or other complications.
Prior to using this medication, inform your healthcare provider or pharmacist about your medical history, especially if you have breathing or lung issues, stomach or intestinal problems, heart disease, fainting, seizures, or difficulties with urination (such as due to an enlarged prostate).
Rivastigmine has the potential to cause a heart rhythm disorder known as QT prolongation. In rare cases, this can lead to serious (and potentially fatal) rapid or irregular heartbeat and other symptoms, such as severe dizziness or fainting, that require immediate medical attention.
This medication can make you feel dizzy or drowsy. Alcohol or marijuana may intensify these effects. Refrain from operating machinery, driving, or engaging in activities that require alertness until you can do so safely.
Older adults may be more susceptible to this medication’s side effects, particularly QT prolongation.
If you are pregnant, use this medication only if it is clearly required, and discuss the risks and benefits with your doctor.
It is unknown whether this medication passes into breast milk. Before breastfeeding, consult your doctor.
Form and Strength
Exelon is available in the following forms and strengths:
-
Exelon capsule:
- 1.5mg
- 3mg
- 4.5mg
- 6mg
-
rivastigmine capsule:
- 1.5mg
- 3mg
- 4.5mg
- 6mg
FAQ
What does Exelon do for dementia?
It acts to reversibly block the function of acetylcholinesterase. By inhibiting this enzyme, it prevents the breakdown of the neurotransmitter acetylcholine and increases its levels in the brain.
How quickly does Exelon work?
Exelon may take up to 12 weeks to begin working, but individual response varies.
Resources
- https://alzheimersnewstoday.com/alzheimers-disease-treatment/approved-drugs/exelon-rivastigmine/#:~:text=Exelon%20is%20part%20of%20a,its%20levels%20in%20the%20brain
- https://www.medbroadcast.com/drug/getdrug/exelon-oral-solution#:~:text=Rivastigmine%20may%20improve%20cognitive%20function,or%20in%20several%20different%20forms
- https://medlineplus.gov/druginfo/meds/a602009.html
- https://www.webmd.com/drugs/2/drug-18196-8218/exelon-oral/rivastigmine-oral/details
- https://www.mayoclinic.org/drugs-supplements/rivastigmine-oral-route/side-effects/drg-20065860?p=1
- https://www.drugs.com/exelon.html