Prescription Required 
Formulation : 
Description
Indications
Mercaptopurine is employed either independently or in conjunction with other chemotherapy medications for the management of acute lymphocytic leukemia (ALL), also known as acute lymphoblastic leukemia and acute lymphatic leukemia. ALL is a form of cancer originating in the white blood cells. Mercaptopurine belongs to the purine antagonists class of drugs and operates by halting the proliferation of cancer cells.
Uses and Dosage
Mercaptopurine is available in tablet and suspension (liquid) forms for oral administration. Typically, it is taken once daily, and it is advisable to adhere to a consistent daily schedule.
Take mercaptopurine precisely as prescribed, avoiding both excessive and insufficient intake or a frequency higher than specified by your doctor.
When using the suspension, ensure thorough mixing by shaking the bottle vigorously for 30 seconds before each use.
Accurate measurement and administration of your mercaptopurine dose are crucial, so use an oral syringe (measuring device). If an oral syringe is not provided with your medication, request one from your pharmacist. After using the oral syringe, detach the plunger from the measuring device, clean both components with warm soapy water, and rinse under running tap water. Allow the parts to air dry before reassembly for the next use.
Continue taking mercaptopurine consistently, even if you feel well. Do not discontinue the medication without consulting your doctor.
Side Effects
Some side effects may occur that usually do not need medical attention:
- nausea
- vomiting
- darkening of the skin
- hair loss
- rash
Inform your healthcare provider immediately if you experience any serious side effects:
- pale skin
- weakness
- shortness of breath
- sore throat, fever, chills, or other signs of infection
- swelling in the legs, ankles, or feet
- unusual bruising or bleeding
- yellowing of the skin or eyes
- loss of appetite
- diarrhea
- swelling of the stomach area
- pain in the upper right part of the stomach
Caution
- Prior to taking mercaptopurine, inform your doctor or pharmacist about any allergies you may have, whether to mercaptopurine itself, azathioprine, or any other substances. This product may contain inactive ingredients that could trigger allergic reactions or other complications.
- Before commencing this medication, disclose your medical history, particularly if you have kidney disease, liver disease, cancer, or specific enzyme disorders such as TPMT deficiency or NUDT15 deficiency.
- Mercaptopurine may increase susceptibility to infections or exacerbate existing infections. Avoid contact with individuals with easily transmissible infections (e.g., chickenpox, COVID-19, measles, flu), and promptly consult your doctor if you’ve been exposed to an infection.
- Inform your healthcare professional about your use of mercaptopurine before undergoing any immunizations or vaccinations. Steer clear of contact with individuals who have recently received live vaccines, like the flu vaccine administered through the nose.
- Exercise caution with sharp objects, such as razors and nail cutters, and avoid activities like contact sports to minimize the risk of cuts, bruises, or injuries.
- This medication may heighten sun sensitivity. Restrict your sun exposure, avoid tanning booths and sunlamps, and use sunscreen along with protective clothing when outdoors. Notify your doctor immediately if you experience sunburn or skin blisters/redness.
- As mercaptopurine can be absorbed through the skin and lungs, posing a risk to an unborn baby, pregnant women or those planning pregnancy should refrain from handling the medication or inhaling tablet dust. A pregnancy test should be conducted before starting this medication. Women using mercaptopurine should inquire about reliable forms of birth control during treatment and for 6 months after the last dose, while men should inquire about reliable birth control for 3 months post their last dose. If pregnancy occurs, discuss with your doctor about the potential risks and benefits of continuing this medication.
- It is uncertain if mercaptopurine passes into breast milk. Due to potential risks to the infant, breastfeeding is not recommended while using this drug and for 1 week after the last dose. Consult your doctor before breastfeeding.
Form and Strength
Purinethol is available in the following forms and strengths:
- Purinethol tablet:
- 50 mg
- mercaptopurine tablet:
- 50 mg
FAQ
Is Purinethol chemotherapy?
Yes, Purinethol is a type of chemotherapy medication. It works in cancer cells to disrupt how they make their own genetic material. This kills the cancer cells, which helps stop cancer growth.
Is Purinethol an immunosuppressant?
Yes, Purinethol can lower the number of white blood cells you have, which can weaken your immune system. As a result, you’re at risk for infections, and your body might have a harder time fighting off infections.
Resources
- https://www.goodrx.com/mercaptopurine/what-is#faqs
- https://www.mayoclinic.org/drugs-supplements/mercaptopurine-oral-route/description/drg-20064683
- https://www.webmd.com/drugs/2/drug-1370/purinethol-oral/details
- https://medlineplus.gov/druginfo/meds/a682653.html
- https://www.drugs.com/cdi/purinethol.html
