Birth Control Pills (oral contraceptives)
What:
- The average birth control pills usually contain doses of estrogen and progestin.
- They come in packs or 21 or 28 pills and are to be taken daily.
- The hormones are taken for 21 days, and for 7 days they are either not taken, or placebo pills are taken. During these seven days is when the menstrual period occurs
How:
- They inhibit ovulation in females, and create a mucus layer just within the cervix which blocks sperm cells from entering the uterus.
- They can be up to 99% effective, depending on if it is taken every day, at around the same time each day.
Pros:
- Very efficient
- Inexpensive
- Can help with acne problems
- Can reduce symptoms of PMS
- Lighter, shorter periods
- Regular periods
- Easy to use
- Reduces risk of
Ovarian and Endometrial cancer
- Reversible
Cons:
- Does not protect against STI’s (Sexually Transmitted Infections)
- Possible side effects within the first couple months
- Must be taken at the same time everyday
- Requires a prescription
Popular Brands of Birth control Pills:
Yasmin, Yaz, Alesse, Cyclen, Tri-Cyclen, Ortho-cept
Birth Control Patch
What:
- A thin beige adhesive patch that sticks to the skin (worn on the arm, abdomen, or buttocks) and releases estrogen and progestin.
- One patch lasts 7 days, and 3 patches are used in one month.
- For one week no patch is used and this results in a menstrual period.
How:
- Inhibits fertilization by preventing ovulation
- Will thicken the mucus in the cervix
- May thin the lining of the uterus
- It is 99% effective if the patch does not fall off, and a new patch is replaced within 24 hours.
- It is more effective than birth control pills because it does not need to be “taken” everyday.
Pros (Similar to Birth Control Pills):
- Can help with acne problems
- Can protect against pelvic inflammatory disease and etopic pregnancy
- Reduces the risk of endometrial and ovarian cancers
- Does not need to be taken everyday
- Lighter, shorter, and more regular periods
- Reversible
Cons:
- Does not protect agasint STI’s
- Requires a prescription
- It can fall off due to loss of adhesiveness
- It may be less effective for heavier women
- It can cause skin irritation
- Slightly more expensive than Birth Control Pills
Popular Brand of a Birth Control Patch:
What:
- A small flexible ring that is inserted and worn in the vagina for three weeks.
- It releases low doses of estrogen and progestin for three weeks, and is removed for 7 days.
- For one week no patch is used and this results in a menstrual period.
How:
- Inhibits fertilization by preventing ovulation
- Will thicken the mucus in the cervix
- may thin the lining of the uterus
- As effective as the birth control pill, possibly more effective because it does not require daily consumption, like the pill.
Pros:
- Can reduce symptoms of PMS
- Can help with acne problems
- Can protect against pelvic inflammatory disease and etopic pregnancy
- Reduces the risk of endometrial and ovarian cancers
- Lighter, shorter, more regular periods
- Does not need to be taken every day, only taken out replaced every month
- Reversible
Cons:
- Requires a prescription
- May fall out
- May cause a yeast infection
- Does not protect against STI’s
- More expensive than birth control pills and patches
Popular Brand of Contraceptive Ring:
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